#include <visp3/robot/vpRobotBebop2.h>

Public Member Functions
	vpRobotBebop2 (bool verbose=false, bool setDefaultSettings=true, std::string ipAddress="192.168.42.1", int discoveryPort=44444)

virtual	~vpRobotBebop2 ()

Drone networking information
std::string	getIpAddress ()

int	getDiscoveryPort ()

General drone information
void	doFlatTrim ()

unsigned int	getBatteryLevel ()

void	setVerbose (bool verbose)

void	resetAllSettings ()

Drone state checking
bool	isFlying ()

bool	isHovering ()

bool	isLanded ()

bool	isRunning ()

bool	isStreaming ()

Streaming commands and parameters (only available if ViSP was built with FFMpeg support)
void	getGrayscaleImage (vpImage< unsigned char > &I)

void	getRGBaImage (vpImage< vpRGBa > &I)

int	getVideoHeight ()

int	getVideoWidth ()

void	setExposure (float expo)

void	setStreamingMode (int mode)

void	setVideoResolution (int mode)

void	setVideoStabilisationMode (int mode)

void	startStreaming ()

void	stopStreaming ()

Camera control commands and parameters
double	getCameraHorizontalFOV () const

double	getCurrentCameraPan () const

double	getMaxCameraPan () const

double	getMinCameraPan () const

double	getCurrentCameraTilt () const

double	getMaxCameraTilt () const

double	getMinCameraTilt () const

void	setCameraOrientation (double tilt, double pan, bool blocking=false)

void	setCameraPan (double pan, bool blocking=false)

void	setCameraTilt (double tilt, bool blocking=false)

Motion commands and parameters
void	cutMotors ()

double	getMaxTilt ()

void	setMaxTilt (double maxTilt)

void	setPitch (int value)

void	setPosition (float dX, float dY, float dZ, float dPsi, bool blocking)

void	setPosition (const vpHomogeneousMatrix &M, bool blocking)

void	setRoll (int value)

void	setVelocity (const vpColVector &vel, double delta_t)

void	setVerticalSpeed (int value)

void	setYawSpeed (int value)

void	stopMoving ()

void	takeOff (bool blocking=true)

static void	land ()

Detailed Description

Interface for Parrot ARSDK3, allowing to control the Bebop 2 drone and get images from the camera (if ViSP was built with FFMpeg support).

See also: Tutorial: Visual-servoing with Parrot Bebop 2 drone

Examples: keyboardControlBebop2.cpp, servoBebop2.cpp, testRobotBebop2.cpp, and tutorial-grabber-bebop2.cpp.

Definition at line 73 of file vpRobotBebop2.h.

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ vpRobotBebop2()

vpRobotBebop2::vpRobotBebop2	(	bool	verbose = `false`,
		bool	setDefaultSettings = `true`,
		std::string	ipAddress = `"192.168.42.1"`,
		int	discoveryPort = `44444`
	)

Constructor (only one available).

Initialises drone control, by discovering drones with IP ipAddress and port discoveryPort on the wifi network the computer is currently connected to. Sets up signal handling to safely land the drone when something bad happens.

Warning: This constructor should be called after the drone is turned on, and after the computer is connected to the drone wifi network.; If the connection to the drone failed, the program will throw an exception.

After having called this constructor, it is recommended to check if the drone is running with isRunning() before sending commands to the drone.

Parameters

[in]	verbose	: turn verbose on or off If verbose is true : info, warning, error and fatal error messages are displayed. If verbose is false : only warning, error and fatal error messages are displayed.
[in]	setDefaultSettings	: set default settings or not If setDefaultSettings is true : the drone is reset to factory settings and the following parameters are set : Resolution of streamed video to 480p (856x480). Max roll and pitch to 10 degrees. Video stabilization to 0 (no stabilization). Video exposure compensation to 0. Video streaming mode to 0 (lowest latency, average reliability). Camera orientation to 0 degrees for tilt and 0 degrees for pan If setDefaultSettings is false : the current settings are unchanged.
[in]	ipAddress	: ip address used to discover the drone on the wifi network.
[in]	discoveryPort	: port used to discover the drone on the wifi network.

Exceptions

vpException::fatalError : If the program failed to connect to the drone.

Definition at line 114 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References vpException::fatalError, resetAllSettings(), setCameraOrientation(), setExposure(), setMaxTilt(), setStreamingMode(), setVerbose(), setVideoResolution(), and setVideoStabilisationMode().

◆ ~vpRobotBebop2()

vpRobotBebop2::~vpRobotBebop2 ( )

virtual

Destructor. Lands the drone if not landed, safely disconnects everything, and deactivates video streaming and decoding if needed.

Definition at line 215 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

Member Function Documentation

◆ cutMotors()

void vpRobotBebop2::cutMotors ( )

Cuts the motors. Should only be used in emergency cases.

Warning: The drone will fall.

Examples: keyboardControlBebop2.cpp.

Definition at line 611 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

◆ doFlatTrim()

void vpRobotBebop2::doFlatTrim ( )

Sends a flat trim command to the robot, to calibrate accelerometer and gyro.

Warning: Should be executed only if the drone is landed and on a flat surface.

Examples: testRobotBebop2.cpp.

Definition at line 223 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References isLanded(), isRunning(), and vpTime::sleepMs().

◆ getBatteryLevel()

unsigned int vpRobotBebop2::getBatteryLevel ( )

Gets current battery level.

Warning: When the drone battery gets to 0, it will automatically land and won't process any command.

Definition at line 265 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

◆ getCameraHorizontalFOV()

double vpRobotBebop2::getCameraHorizontalFOV ( ) const

Gets camera horizontal FOV (degrees).

Definition at line 271 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

◆ getCurrentCameraPan()

double vpRobotBebop2::getCurrentCameraPan ( ) const

Gets current camera pan (degrees).

Definition at line 295 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

Referenced by setCameraTilt().

◆ getCurrentCameraTilt()

double vpRobotBebop2::getCurrentCameraTilt ( ) const

Gets current camera tilt (degrees).

Definition at line 277 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

Referenced by setCameraPan().

◆ getDiscoveryPort()

int vpRobotBebop2::getDiscoveryPort ( )

Gets the drone port used during wifi discovery.

Definition at line 251 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

◆ getGrayscaleImage()

void vpRobotBebop2::getGrayscaleImage ( vpImage< unsigned char > & I )

Warning: This function is only available if ViSP is build with ffmpeg support.

Gets the last streamed and decoded image from the drone camera feed in grayscale. The image obtained has a width of 856 and a height of 480.

Parameters

[in,out] I : grayscale image that will contain last streamed and decoded image after the function ends.

Definition at line 803 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References vpImageConvert::BGRToGrey(), vpImage< Type >::bitmap, vpImage< Type >::getHeight(), vpImage< Type >::getWidth(), and vpImage< Type >::resize().

◆ getIpAddress()

std::string vpRobotBebop2::getIpAddress ( )

Gets the drone IP address used during wifi discovery.

Definition at line 245 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

◆ getMaxCameraPan()

double vpRobotBebop2::getMaxCameraPan ( ) const

Gets maximum camera pan (degrees).

Definition at line 307 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

◆ getMaxCameraTilt()

double vpRobotBebop2::getMaxCameraTilt ( ) const

Gets maximum camera tilt (degrees).

Definition at line 289 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

◆ getMaxTilt()

double vpRobotBebop2::getMaxTilt ( )

Gets the current max pitch and roll values allowed for the drone.

Definition at line 257 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

◆ getMinCameraPan()

double vpRobotBebop2::getMinCameraPan ( ) const

Gets minimum camera pan (degrees).

Definition at line 301 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

◆ getMinCameraTilt()

double vpRobotBebop2::getMinCameraTilt ( ) const

Gets minimum camera tilt (degrees).

Definition at line 283 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

◆ getRGBaImage()

void vpRobotBebop2::getRGBaImage ( vpImage< vpRGBa > & I )

Warning: This function is only available if ViSP is build with ffmpeg support.

Gets the last streamed and decoded image from the drone camera feed in RGBa. The image obtained has a width of 856 and a height of 480.

Parameters

[in,out] I : RGBa image that will contain last streamed and decoded image after the function ends.

Examples: testRobotBebop2.cpp.

Definition at line 833 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References vpImageConvert::BGRToRGBa(), vpImage< Type >::bitmap, vpImage< Type >::getHeight(), vpImage< Type >::getWidth(), and vpImage< Type >::resize().

◆ getVideoHeight()

int vpRobotBebop2::getVideoHeight ( )

Warning: This function is only available if ViSP is build with ffmpeg support.

Gets the height of the video streamed by the drone (pixels).

Definition at line 860 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

◆ getVideoWidth()

int vpRobotBebop2::getVideoWidth ( )

Warning: This function is only available if ViSP is build with ffmpeg support.

Gets the width of the video streamed by the drone (pixels).

Definition at line 867 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

◆ isFlying()

bool vpRobotBebop2::isFlying ( )

Checks if the drone is currently flying, ie if the drone is up in the air and moving.

Definition at line 440 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

Referenced by setPitch(), setPosition(), setRoll(), setVerticalSpeed(), and setYawSpeed().

◆ isHovering()

bool vpRobotBebop2::isHovering ( )

Checks if the drone is currently hovering, ie if the drone is up in the air but not moving.

Definition at line 431 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

Referenced by setPitch(), setPosition(), setRoll(), setVerticalSpeed(), setYawSpeed(), and takeOff().

◆ isLanded()

bool vpRobotBebop2::isLanded ( )

Checks if the drone is currently landed.

Definition at line 449 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

Referenced by doFlatTrim(), setStreamingMode(), setVideoResolution(), stopMoving(), and takeOff().

◆ isRunning()

bool vpRobotBebop2::isRunning ( )

Checks if the drone is running, ie if the drone is connected and ready to receive commands.

Examples: keyboardControlBebop2.cpp, and testRobotBebop2.cpp.

Definition at line 404 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

Referenced by doFlatTrim(), resetAllSettings(), setCameraOrientation(), setCameraPan(), setCameraTilt(), setExposure(), setMaxTilt(), setPitch(), setPosition(), setRoll(), setStreamingMode(), setVerticalSpeed(), setVideoResolution(), setVideoStabilisationMode(), setYawSpeed(), startStreaming(), stopMoving(), and takeOff().

◆ isStreaming()

bool vpRobotBebop2::isStreaming ( )

Checks if the drone is currently streaming and decoding the video from its camera.

Definition at line 418 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

Referenced by setStreamingMode(), and setVideoResolution().

◆ land()

void vpRobotBebop2::land ( )

static

Sends landing command.

Warning: This function is static because it needs to be called by the signal handler in case of a detected signal.

Examples: keyboardControlBebop2.cpp, and testRobotBebop2.cpp.

Definition at line 485 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

◆ resetAllSettings()

void vpRobotBebop2::resetAllSettings ( )

Resets drone settings (like max tilt or streaming mode) to factory defaults.

Definition at line 736 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References isRunning(), and vpTime::sleepMs().

Referenced by vpRobotBebop2().

◆ setCameraOrientation()

void vpRobotBebop2::setCameraOrientation	(	double	tilt,
		double	pan,
		bool	blocking = `false`
	)

Sets camera orientation : tilt and pan (degrees).

Warning: The camera movement is gradual. It takes some time for the camera to reach the desired orientation.

Parameters

[in]	tilt	: The desired tilt.
[in]	pan	: The desired pan.
[in]	blocking	: If true, the function returns when the camera reached the desired position. If false, returns immediately. You can check if the camera reached the desired position using getCurrentCameraTilt() and getCurrentCameraPan().

Definition at line 321 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References isRunning(), and vpTime::sleepMs().

Referenced by vpRobotBebop2().

◆ setCameraPan()

void vpRobotBebop2::setCameraPan	(	double	pan,
		bool	blocking = `false`
	)

Sets camera pan (degrees).

Warning: The camera movement is gradual. It takes some time for the camera to reach the desired pan.

Parameters

[in]	pan	: The desired pan.
[in]	blocking	: If true, the function returns when the camera reached the desired position. If false, returns immediately. You can check if the camera reached the desired position using getCurrentCameraPan().

Definition at line 381 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References getCurrentCameraTilt(), isRunning(), and vpTime::sleepMs().

◆ setCameraTilt()

void vpRobotBebop2::setCameraTilt	(	double	tilt,
		bool	blocking = `false`
	)

Sets camera tilt (degrees).

Warning: The camera movement is gradual. It takes some time for the camera to reach the desired tilt.

Parameters

[in]	tilt	: The desired tilt.
[in]	blocking	: If true, the function returns when the camera reached the desired position. If false, returns immediately. You can check if the camera reached the desired position using getCurrentCameraTilt().

Definition at line 351 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References getCurrentCameraPan(), isRunning(), and vpTime::sleepMs().

◆ setExposure()

void vpRobotBebop2::setExposure ( float expo )

Warning: This function is only available if ViSP is build with ffmpeg support.

Sets the exposure compensation of the video (min : -1.5, max : 1.5).

Parameters

[in] expo : desired video exposure compensation.

Definition at line 876 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References isRunning(), and vpTime::sleepMs().

Referenced by vpRobotBebop2().

◆ setMaxTilt()

void vpRobotBebop2::setMaxTilt ( double maxTilt )

Sets the max pitch and roll values for the drone. The smallest possible angle is 5, the maximum is 35.

Parameters

[in] maxTilt : new maximum pitch and roll value for the drone (degrees).

Warning: This value is only taken into account by the drone when issuing percentage-of-max-tilt-value-based commands.; This value is not taken into account by the drone when using setPosition or setVelocity functions.

Definition at line 764 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References isRunning().

Referenced by vpRobotBebop2().

◆ setPitch()

void vpRobotBebop2::setPitch ( int value )

Sets the pitch angle, expressed as signed percentage of the maximum pitch angle.

Warning: The drone will not stop moving in that direction until you send another motion command.

Parameters

[in] value : desired pitch in signed percentage, between 100 and -100. Positive values will make the drone tilt and go forward Negative values will make the drone tilt and go backward

Examples: keyboardControlBebop2.cpp.

Definition at line 557 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References isFlying(), isHovering(), and isRunning().

◆ setPosition() [1/2]

void vpRobotBebop2::setPosition	(	const vpHomogeneousMatrix &	M,
		bool	blocking
	)

Changes the position of the drone based on a homogeneous transformation matrix.

Parameters

[in]	M	: homogeneous matrix. Translation should be expressed in meters and rotation in radians.
[in]	blocking	: specifies whether the function should be blocking or not. If blocking is true, the function will wait until the drone has finished moving. If blocking is false, the function will return even if the drone is still moving.

Warning: The rotation around the X and Y axes should be equal to 0, as the drone cannot rotate around these axes.

See also: setPosition(float dX, float dY, float dZ, float dPsi, bool blocking)

Definition at line 666 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References vpHomogeneousMatrix::getRotationMatrix(), vpRotationMatrix::getThetaUVector(), vpHomogeneousMatrix::getTranslationVector(), and setPosition().

◆ setPosition() [2/2]

void vpRobotBebop2::setPosition	(	float	dX,
		float	dY,
		float	dZ,
		float	dPsi,
		bool	blocking
	)

Moves the drone by the given amounts dX, dY, dZ (meters) and rotate the heading by dPsi (radian). Doesn't do anything if the drone isn't flying or hovering.

Parameters

[in]	dX	: displacement along X axis (meters).
[in]	dY	: displacement along Y axis (meters).
[in]	dZ	: displacement along Z axis (meters).
[in]	dPsi	: rotation of the heading (radians).
[in]	blocking	: specifies whether the function should be blocking or not. If blocking is true, the function will wait until the drone has finished moving. If blocking is false, the function will return even if the drone is still moving.

See also: setPosition(const vpHomogeneousMatrix &M, bool blocking)

Definition at line 633 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References isFlying(), isHovering(), isRunning(), and vpTime::sleepMs().

Referenced by setPosition(), and setVelocity().

◆ setRoll()

void vpRobotBebop2::setRoll ( int value )

Sets the roll angle, expressed as signed percentage of the maximum roll angle.

Warning: The drone will not stop moving in that direction until you send another motion command.

Parameters

[in] value : desired roll in signed percentage, between 100 and -100. Positive values will make the drone tilt and go to its right Negative values will make the drone tilt and go to its left

Examples: keyboardControlBebop2.cpp.

Definition at line 586 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References isFlying(), isHovering(), and isRunning().

◆ setStreamingMode()

void vpRobotBebop2::setStreamingMode ( int mode )

Warning: This function is only available if ViSP is build with ffmpeg support.

Sets the streaming mode.

Warning: This function should be called only if the drone isn't flying and the streaming isn't started.

Parameters

[in] mode : desired streaming mode. If mode = 0 (default mode), the streaming minimizes latency with average reliability (best for piloting). If mode = 1, the streaming maximizes the reliability with an average latency (best when streaming quality is important but not the latency). If mode = 2, the streaming maximizes the reliability using a framerate decimation with an average latency (best when streaming quality is important but not the latency).

Definition at line 908 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References isLanded(), isRunning(), isStreaming(), and vpTime::sleepMs().

Referenced by vpRobotBebop2().

◆ setVelocity()

void vpRobotBebop2::setVelocity	(	const vpColVector &	vel_cmd,
		double	delta_t
	)

Sets the drone velocity.

Parameters

[in]	vel_cmd	: Drone velocity commands, vx, vy, vz, wz. Translation velocities (vx, vy, vz) should be expressed in meters and rotation velocity (wz) in radians.
[in]	delta_t	: Sampling time (in seconds), time during which the velocity vel_cmd is applied.

Warning: The dimension of the velocity vector should be equal to 4, as the drone cannot rotate around X and Y axes.

Examples: testRobotBebop2.cpp.

Definition at line 693 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References vpExponentialMap::direct(), setPosition(), vpArray2D< Type >::size(), and stopMoving().

◆ setVerbose()

void vpRobotBebop2::setVerbose ( bool verbose )

Sets the verbose level for console prints.

Parameters

[in] verbose : specifies the desired verbose level. If verbose is true : info, warning, error and fatal error messages are displayed. If verbose is false : only warning, error and fatal error messages are displayed.

Definition at line 722 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

Referenced by vpRobotBebop2().

◆ setVerticalSpeed()

void vpRobotBebop2::setVerticalSpeed ( int value )

Sets the vertical speed, expressed as signed percentage of the maximum vertical speed.

Warning: The drone will not stop moving in that direction until you send another motion command.

Parameters

[in] value : desired vertical speed in signed percentage, between 100 and -100. Positive values will make the drone go up Negative values will make the drone go down

Examples: keyboardControlBebop2.cpp.

Definition at line 502 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References isFlying(), isHovering(), and isRunning().

◆ setVideoResolution()

void vpRobotBebop2::setVideoResolution ( int mode )

Warning: This function is only available if ViSP is build with ffmpeg support.

Sets the streaming mode.

Warning: This function should be called only if the drone isn't flying and the streaming isn't started.

Parameters

[in] mode : desired streaming mode. If mode = 0 (default mode), the resolution is 480p (856x480). If mode = 1, the resolution is 720p (1280x720).

Examples: testRobotBebop2.cpp.

Definition at line 959 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References isLanded(), isRunning(), isStreaming(), and vpTime::sleepMs().

Referenced by vpRobotBebop2().

◆ setVideoStabilisationMode()

void vpRobotBebop2::setVideoStabilisationMode ( int mode )

Warning: This function is only available if ViSP is build with ffmpeg support.

Sets the video stabilisation mode.

Parameters

[in] mode : desired stabilisation mode. If mode = 0, the video follows drone angles (no stabilisation, default). If mode = 1, the video is stabilised on roll only. If mode = 2, the video is stabilised on pitch only. If mode = 3, the video is stabilised on both pitch and roll.

Definition at line 1014 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References isRunning().

Referenced by vpRobotBebop2().

◆ setYawSpeed()

void vpRobotBebop2::setYawSpeed ( int value )

Sets the yaw speed, expressed as signed percentage of the maximum yaw speed.

Warning: The drone will not stop moving in that direction until you send another motion command.

Parameters

[in] value : desired yaw speed in signed percentage, between 100 and -100. Positive values will make the drone turn to its right / clockwise Negative values will make the drone turn to its left / counterclockwise

Examples: keyboardControlBebop2.cpp.

Definition at line 529 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References isFlying(), isHovering(), and isRunning().

◆ startStreaming()

void vpRobotBebop2::startStreaming ( )

Warning: This function is only available if ViSP is build with ffmpeg support.

Starts the video streaming from the drone camera. Every time a frame is received, it is decoded and stored into m_currentImage, which can be obtained with getImage().

See also: getImage(vpImage<unsigned char> &I)

Examples: testRobotBebop2.cpp.

Definition at line 1054 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References isRunning(), and vpTime::sleepMs().

◆ stopMoving()

void vpRobotBebop2::stopMoving ( )

Stops any drone movement.

Warning: Depending on the speed of the drone when the function is called, the drone may still move a bit until it stabilizes.

Examples: keyboardControlBebop2.cpp.

Definition at line 782 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References isLanded(), and isRunning().

Referenced by setVelocity().

◆ stopStreaming()

void vpRobotBebop2::stopStreaming ( )

Warning: This function is only available if ViSP is build with ffmpeg support.

Stops the streaming and decoding of the drone camera video

Definition at line 1091 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References vpTime::sleepMs().

◆ takeOff()

void vpRobotBebop2::takeOff ( bool blocking = true )

Sends take off command.

Parameters

[in] blocking : If true, the function returns when take off is achieved. If false, returns immediately. You can check if take off is finished using isHovering().

Examples: keyboardControlBebop2.cpp, and testRobotBebop2.cpp.

Definition at line 461 of file vpRobotBebop2.cpp.

References isHovering(), isLanded(), isRunning(), and vpTime::sleepMs().

Public Member Functions

Camera control commands and parameters

Motion commands and parameters

Detailed Description

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ vpRobotBebop2()

◆ ~vpRobotBebop2()

Member Function Documentation

◆ cutMotors()

◆ doFlatTrim()

◆ getBatteryLevel()

◆ getCameraHorizontalFOV()

◆ getCurrentCameraPan()

◆ getCurrentCameraTilt()

◆ getDiscoveryPort()

◆ getGrayscaleImage()

◆ getIpAddress()

◆ getMaxCameraPan()

◆ getMaxCameraTilt()

◆ getMaxTilt()

◆ getMinCameraPan()

◆ getMinCameraTilt()

◆ getRGBaImage()

◆ getVideoHeight()

◆ getVideoWidth()

◆ isFlying()

◆ isHovering()

◆ isLanded()

◆ isRunning()

◆ isStreaming()

◆ land()

◆ resetAllSettings()

◆ setCameraOrientation()

◆ setCameraPan()

◆ setCameraTilt()

◆ setExposure()

◆ setMaxTilt()

◆ setPitch()

◆ setPosition() [1/2]

◆ setPosition() [2/2]

◆ setRoll()

◆ setStreamingMode()

◆ setVelocity()

◆ setVerbose()

◆ setVerticalSpeed()

◆ setVideoResolution()

◆ setVideoStabilisationMode()

◆ setYawSpeed()

◆ startStreaming()

◆ stopMoving()

◆ stopStreaming()

◆ takeOff()