vpD3DRenderer.cpp

/****************************************************************************
 *
 * This file is part of the ViSP software.
 * Copyright (C) 2005 - 2015 by Inria. All rights reserved.
 *
 * This software is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 * ("GPL") version 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 * See the file LICENSE.txt at the root directory of this source
 * distribution for additional information about the GNU GPL.
 *
 * For using ViSP with software that can not be combined with the GNU
 * GPL, please contact Inria about acquiring a ViSP Professional
 * Edition License.
 *
 * See http://visp.inria.fr for more information.
 *
 * This software was developed at:
 * Inria Rennes - Bretagne Atlantique
 * Campus Universitaire de Beaulieu
 * 35042 Rennes Cedex
 * France
 *
 * If you have questions regarding the use of this file, please contact
 * Inria at visp@inria.fr
 *
 * This file is provided AS IS with NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING THE
 * WARRANTY OF DESIGN, MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
 *
 * Description:
 * D3D renderer for windows 32 display
 *
 * Authors:
 * Bruno Renier
 *
 *****************************************************************************/
#ifndef DOXYGEN_SHOULD_SKIP_THIS

#include <visp3/core/vpConfig.h>
#if ( defined(_WIN32) & defined(VISP_HAVE_D3D9) )

#include <visp3/gui/vpD3DRenderer.h>
#include <visp3/core/vpColor.h>
#include <visp3/core/vpMath.h>

/*
  Be careful, when using :

  pd3dText->LockRect(0, &d3dLRect, &r, 0)
  ...
  pd3dText->UnlockRect(0, &d3dLRect, &r, 0)

  to write directly to the texture's surface,
  the pointer returned in d3dLRect points to
  the beginning of the locked suface and not
  to the beginning of the texture's surface.
  That's why setBufferPixel and other accesses
  to this buffer are done in the locked surface
  coordinates system.

  Moreover, when directly writing to a texture's surface,
  you musn't forget to take the pitch of this texture
  into account (see Direct3D documentation).

*/

vpD3DRenderer::vpD3DRenderer()
{
  pD3D=NULL;
  pd3dDevice=NULL;
  pd3dText=NULL;
  pd3dVideoText=NULL;

  //D3D palette
  vpColor pcolor; // Predefined colors
  pcolor = vpColor::black;
  colors[vpColor::id_black] = D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0xFF,pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::lightBlue;
  colors[vpColor::id_lightBlue]  = D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0xFF,pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::blue;
  colors[vpColor::id_blue]  = D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0xFF,pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::darkBlue;
  colors[vpColor::id_darkBlue]  = D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0xFF,pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::cyan;
  colors[vpColor::id_cyan]  = D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0xFF,pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::lightGreen;
  colors[vpColor::id_lightGreen]  = D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0xFF,pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::green;
  colors[vpColor::id_green] = D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0xFF,pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::darkGreen;
  colors[vpColor::id_darkGreen]  = D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0xFF,pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::lightRed;
  colors[vpColor::id_lightRed]  = D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0xFF,pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::red;
  colors[vpColor::id_red]   = D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0xFF,pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::darkRed;
  colors[vpColor::id_darkRed]  = D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0xFF,pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::white;
  colors[vpColor::id_white] = D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0xFF,pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::lightGray;
  colors[vpColor::id_lightGray]  = D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0xFF,pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::gray;
  colors[vpColor::id_gray] = D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0xFF,pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::darkGray;
  colors[vpColor::id_darkGray]  = D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0xFF,pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::yellow;
  colors[vpColor::id_yellow]= D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0xFF,pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::orange;
  colors[vpColor::id_orange]= D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0xFF,pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::purple;
  colors[vpColor::id_purple]= D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0xFF,pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);

  //initialize the GDI palette
  pcolor = vpColor::black;
  colorsGDI[vpColor::id_black] =  RGB(pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::lightBlue;
  colorsGDI[vpColor::id_lightBlue]  = RGB(pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::blue;
  colorsGDI[vpColor::id_blue]  =  RGB(pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::darkBlue;
  colorsGDI[vpColor::id_darkBlue]  = RGB(pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::cyan;
  colorsGDI[vpColor::id_cyan]  =  RGB(pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::lightGreen;
  colorsGDI[vpColor::id_lightGreen]  = RGB(pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::green;
  colorsGDI[vpColor::id_green] =  RGB(pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::darkGreen;
  colorsGDI[vpColor::id_darkGreen]  = RGB(pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::lightRed;
  colorsGDI[vpColor::id_lightRed]  = RGB(pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::red;
  colorsGDI[vpColor::id_red]   =  RGB(pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::darkRed;
  colorsGDI[vpColor::id_darkRed]  = RGB(pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::white;
  colorsGDI[vpColor::id_white] =  RGB(pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::lightGray;
  colorsGDI[vpColor::id_lightGray]  = RGB(pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::gray;
  colorsGDI[vpColor::id_gray] = RGB(pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::darkGray;
  colorsGDI[vpColor::id_darkGray]  = RGB(pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::yellow;
  colorsGDI[vpColor::id_yellow]=  RGB(pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::orange;
  colorsGDI[vpColor::id_orange]=  RGB(pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);
  pcolor = vpColor::purple;
  colorsGDI[vpColor::id_purple]= RGB(pcolor.R, pcolor.G, pcolor.B);

  //Creates a logical font
  hFont = CreateFont(18, 0, 0, 0, FW_NORMAL, false, false, false,
             DEFAULT_CHARSET, OUT_DEFAULT_PRECIS,
             CLIP_DEFAULT_PRECIS, DEFAULT_QUALITY,
             DEFAULT_PITCH | FF_DONTCARE, NULL);
}

vpD3DRenderer::~vpD3DRenderer()
{
  DeleteObject(hFont);

  if(pd3dDevice != NULL)
    pd3dDevice->Release();
  if(pD3D != NULL)
    pD3D->Release();
  if(pd3dText != NULL)
    pd3dText->Release();
  if(pd3dVideoText != NULL)
    pd3dVideoText->Release();
}

unsigned int vpD3DRenderer::supPowerOf2(unsigned int n)
{
  unsigned int i=0;
  while(n>1)
    {
      n>>=1;
      i++;
    }
  return static_cast<unsigned int>(1<<(i+1));
}

bool vpD3DRenderer::init(HWND hwnd, unsigned int width, unsigned int height)
{
  //simple stuff
  nbCols = width;
  nbRows = height;
  hWnd = hwnd;

  //D3D initialize
  if(NULL == (pD3D = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION)))
    throw vpDisplayException(vpDisplayException::notInitializedError,
                 "Can't initialize D3D!");

  D3DDISPLAYMODE d3ddm;
  if(FAILED(pD3D->GetAdapterDisplayMode(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, &d3ddm)))
    throw vpDisplayException(vpDisplayException::notInitializedError,
                 "Can't get the adapter's display mode!");


  D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
  ZeroMemory(&d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp));
  d3dpp.BackBufferCount=1;
  d3dpp.Windowed   = TRUE;
  d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
  d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = d3ddm.Format;

  //creates a d3d device
  if( FAILED(pD3D->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT , D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, hWnd,
                D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING |
                D3DCREATE_MULTITHREADED,
                &d3dpp, &pd3dDevice )))
    throw vpDisplayException(vpDisplayException::notInitializedError,
                 "Can't create the Direct3D device!");


  //disables scene lightning
  pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_LIGHTING, FALSE);


  //inits the direct3D view (for 2D rendering)
  initView((float)nbCols,(float)nbRows);


  //computes texture size (needs to be a power-of-2 large square)
  textWidth = supPowerOf2( (nbCols>nbRows) ? nbCols : nbRows );

  //creates the system memory texture (the one we will directly modify)
  //unfortunately, needs to be X8R8G8B8 in order to be able to use GDI drawing
  //functions
  if( D3DXCreateTexture(pd3dDevice, textWidth, textWidth, D3DX_DEFAULT, 0,
            D3DFMT_X8R8G8B8, D3DPOOL_SYSTEMMEM , &pd3dText)
      != D3D_OK)
    {
      throw vpDisplayException(vpDisplayException::notInitializedError,
                   "Can't create memory texture!");
    }

  //creates the video memory texture (the one we will display) -
  if( D3DXCreateTexture(pd3dDevice, textWidth, textWidth, D3DX_DEFAULT,
            D3DUSAGE_DYNAMIC ,
            D3DFMT_X8R8G8B8, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &pd3dVideoText)
      != D3D_OK)
    {
      throw vpDisplayException(vpDisplayException::notInitializedError,
                   "Can't create video texture!");
    }

  //creates the sprite used to render the texture
  if(D3DXCreateSprite(pd3dDevice, &pSprite) != S_OK)
    throw vpDisplayException(vpDisplayException::notInitializedError,
                 "Can't create the texture's sprite!");



  return true;
}




void vpD3DRenderer::initView(float WindowWidth, float WindowHeight)
{
  D3DXMATRIX Ortho2D;
  D3DXMATRIX Identity;

  D3DXMatrixOrthoLH(&Ortho2D, WindowWidth, WindowHeight, 0.0f, 1.0f);
  D3DXMatrixIdentity(&Identity);

  if( pd3dDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION, &Ortho2D) != D3D_OK
      || pd3dDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, &Identity) != D3D_OK
      || pd3dDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, &Identity) != D3D_OK)
    throw vpDisplayException(vpDisplayException::notInitializedError,
                 "Can't set the view!");
}


void vpRGBaToTexture(const vpImage<vpRGBa>& I, unsigned char * imBuffer,
           unsigned int pitch)
{
  unsigned int j = I.getWidth();

  unsigned int k=0;
  for(unsigned int i=0; i<I.getHeight()* I.getWidth(); i++)
    {
      if(j==0){
    k += pitch - (I.getWidth() * 4);
    j = I.getWidth();
      }

      imBuffer[k+0] = I.bitmap[i].B;
      imBuffer[k+1] = I.bitmap[i].G;
      imBuffer[k+2] = I.bitmap[i].R;
      imBuffer[k+3] = I.bitmap[i].A;// pb in vpimconvert? , 0xFF?
      k+=4;
      j--;
    }
}

void vpGreyToTexture(const vpImage<unsigned char>& I,
             unsigned char * imBuffer,
             unsigned int pitch)
{
  unsigned int j = I.getWidth();

  unsigned int k=0;
  for(unsigned int i=0; i<I.getHeight()* I.getWidth(); i++)
    {
      if(j==0){
    k += pitch - (I.getWidth() * 4);
    j = I.getWidth();
      }

      imBuffer[k+0] = imBuffer[k+1] =   imBuffer[k+2] = I.bitmap[i];
      imBuffer[k+3] = 0xFF; //full opacity

      k+=4;
      j--;
    }
}

void vpD3DRenderer::setImg(const vpImage<vpRGBa>& im)
{
  //if the device has been initialized
  if(pd3dDevice != NULL)
    {
      D3DLOCKED_RECT d3dLRect;

      RECT r;
      r.top=0; r.left=0;
      r.bottom=static_cast<signed long>(nbRows);
      r.right=static_cast<signed long>(nbCols);

      //locks the texture to directly access it
      if(pd3dText->LockRect(0, &d3dLRect, &r, 0)!= D3D_OK)
    {
      vpCERROR<<"D3D : Couldn't lock the texture!"<<std::endl;
      return;
    }

      //gets the buffer and pitch of the texture
      unsigned int pitch = static_cast<unsigned int>( d3dLRect.Pitch );
      unsigned char * buf = (unsigned char *) d3dLRect.pBits;

      //fills this texture with the image data (converted to bgra)
      vpRGBaToTexture(im, buf, pitch);

      //unlocks the texture
      if( pd3dText->UnlockRect(0) != D3D_OK)
    vpCERROR<<"D3D : Couldn't unlock the texture!"<<std::endl;

    }
}

void vpD3DRenderer::setImgROI(const vpImage<vpRGBa>& im, const vpImagePoint &iP, const unsigned int width, const unsigned int height )
{
  //if the device has been initialized
  if(pd3dDevice != NULL)
    {
      D3DLOCKED_RECT d3dLRect;

      RECT r;
      r.top=(LONG)iP.get_v(); r.left=(LONG)iP.get_u();
      r.bottom=(LONG)(iP.get_v()+height-1); r.right=(LONG)(iP.get_u()+width);

      //locks the texture to directly access it
      if(pd3dText->LockRect(0, &d3dLRect, &r, 0)!= D3D_OK)
    {
      vpCERROR<<"D3D : Couldn't lock the texture!"<<std::endl;
      return;
    }

      //gets the buffer and pitch of the texture
      unsigned int pitch = static_cast<unsigned int>(d3dLRect.Pitch);
      unsigned char * buf = (unsigned char *) d3dLRect.pBits;

      //fills this texture with the image data (converted to bgra)
      vpRGBaToTexture(im, buf, pitch);

      //unlocks the texture
      if( pd3dText->UnlockRect(0) != D3D_OK)
    vpCERROR<<"D3D : Couldn't unlock the texture!"<<std::endl;

    }
}


void vpD3DRenderer::setImg(const vpImage<unsigned char>& im)
{
  //if the device has been initialized
  if(pd3dDevice != NULL)
    {
      D3DLOCKED_RECT d3dLRect;

      RECT r;
      r.top    = 0;
      r.left   = 0;
      r.bottom = static_cast<LONG>(nbRows);
      r.right  = static_cast<LONG>(nbCols);

      //locks the texture to directly access it
      if(pd3dText->LockRect(0, &d3dLRect, &r, 0)!= D3D_OK)
    {
      vpCERROR<<"D3D : Couldn't lock the texture!"<<std::endl;
      return;
    }

      //gets the buffer and pitch of the texture
      unsigned int pitch = static_cast<unsigned int>(d3dLRect.Pitch);
      unsigned char * buf = (unsigned char *) d3dLRect.pBits;

      //fills this texture with the image data (converted to bgra)
      vpGreyToTexture(im, buf, pitch);

      //unlocks the texture
      if( pd3dText->UnlockRect(0) != D3D_OK)
    vpCERROR<<"D3D : Couldn't unlock the texture!"<<std::endl;
    }

}


void vpD3DRenderer::setImgROI(const vpImage<unsigned char>& im, const vpImagePoint &iP, const unsigned int width, const unsigned int height )
{
  //if the device has been initialized
  if(pd3dDevice != NULL)
    {
      D3DLOCKED_RECT d3dLRect;

      RECT r;
      r.top=(LONG)iP.get_v(); r.left=(LONG)iP.get_u();
      r.bottom=(LONG)(iP.get_v()+height-1); r.right=(LONG)(iP.get_u()+width);

      //locks the texture to directly access it
      if(pd3dText->LockRect(0, &d3dLRect, &r, 0)!= D3D_OK)
    {
      vpCERROR<<"D3D : Couldn't lock the texture!"<<std::endl;
      return;
    }

      //gets the buffer and pitch of the texture
      unsigned int pitch = static_cast<unsigned int>( d3dLRect.Pitch );
      unsigned char * buf = (unsigned char *) d3dLRect.pBits;

      //fills this texture with the image data (converted to bgra)
      vpGreyToTexture(im, buf, pitch);

      //unlocks the texture
      if( pd3dText->UnlockRect(0) != D3D_OK)
    vpCERROR<<"D3D : Couldn't unlock the texture!"<<std::endl;
    }

}

bool vpD3DRenderer::render()
{
  // Clears the back buffer to a blue color
  //pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,255), 1.0f, 0 );

  //Begins the scene.
  pd3dDevice->BeginScene();

  //Texture rectangle to display
  RECT r;
  r.top    = 0;
  r.left   = 0;
  r.bottom = static_cast<LONG>(nbRows);
  r.right  = static_cast<LONG>(nbCols);

  //Updates the video memory texture with the content of the system
  //memory texture
  pd3dDevice->UpdateTexture(pd3dText,pd3dVideoText);

  //Displays this texture as a sprite

#if (D3DX_SDK_VERSION <= 9)
  pSprite->Begin(); //
  pSprite->Draw(pd3dVideoText, &r, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0xFFFFFFFF );
#else
  pSprite->Begin(0);
  pSprite->Draw(pd3dVideoText, &r, NULL, NULL, 0xFFFFFFFF );
#endif
  pSprite->End();

  //Ends the scene.
  pd3dDevice->EndScene();
  //Presents the backbuffer
  pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );

  return true;
}


void vpD3DRenderer::setPixel(const vpImagePoint &iP,
                 const vpColor &color)
{
  if(iP.get_i()<0 || iP.get_j()<0 || iP.get_i()>=(int)nbRows || iP.get_j()>=(int)nbCols)
  {
    return;
  }

  //if the device has been initialized
  if(pd3dDevice != NULL)
    {
      D3DLOCKED_RECT d3dLRect;

      RECT r;

      r.top=(LONG)iP.get_i();
      r.left=(LONG)iP.get_j();
      r.bottom=(LONG)iP.get_i()+1;
      r.right=(LONG)iP.get_j()+1;

      //locks the texture to directly access it
      if(pd3dText->LockRect(0, &d3dLRect, &r, 0)!= D3D_OK)
        {
          vpCERROR<<"D3D : Couldn't lock the texture!"<<std::endl;
          return;
        }

      //gets the buffer and pitch of the texture
      unsigned int pitch = static_cast<unsigned int>( d3dLRect.Pitch );
      unsigned char * buf = (unsigned char *) d3dLRect.pBits;

      //the coordinates are in the locked area base
      setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, 0, 0,color);

      //unlocks the texture
      if( pd3dText->UnlockRect(0) != D3D_OK)
    vpCERROR<<"D3D : Couldn't unlock the texture!"<<std::endl;
    }

}

void vpD3DRenderer::drawLine(const vpImagePoint &ip1,
                 const vpImagePoint &ip2,
                 const vpColor &color,
                 unsigned int thickness, int style)
{
//   if(i1<0 || j1<0 || i2<0 || j2<0 || e<0)
//     {
//       vpCERROR<<"Invalid parameters!"<<std::endl;
//       return;
//     }

  //if the device has been initialized
  if(pd3dDevice != NULL)
    {

      //Will contain the texture's surface drawing context
      HDC hDCMem;

      //The texture's surface
      IDirect3DSurface9 * pd3dSurf;
      pd3dText->GetSurfaceLevel(0, &pd3dSurf);

      //We get its DC
      pd3dSurf->GetDC(&hDCMem);

      //create the pen
      HPEN hPen;
      if (color.id < vpColor::id_unknown)
        hPen = CreatePen(style, static_cast<int>(thickness), colorsGDI[color.id]);
      else {
        COLORREF gdicolor = RGB(color.R, color.G, color.B);
        hPen = CreatePen(style, static_cast<int>(thickness), gdicolor);
      }

      //we don't use the bkColor
      SetBkMode(hDCMem, TRANSPARENT);

      //select the pen
      SelectObject(hDCMem, hPen);

      //move to the starting point
      MoveToEx(hDCMem, vpMath::round(ip1.get_u()), vpMath::round(ip1.get_v()), NULL);
      //Draw the line
      LineTo(hDCMem, vpMath::round(ip2.get_u()), vpMath::round(ip2.get_v()));


      //Releases the DC
      pd3dSurf->ReleaseDC(hDCMem);
      //Releases the surface's interface
      pd3dSurf->Release();
      //Deletes additional objects
      DeleteObject(hPen);
    }
}


void vpD3DRenderer::drawRect(const vpImagePoint &topLeft,
                 unsigned int width, unsigned int height,
                 const vpColor &color, bool  fill ,
                 unsigned int /*thickness*/)
{
  if(topLeft.get_i()>(int)nbRows-1 || topLeft.get_j()>(int)nbCols-1|| topLeft.get_i()+height<0 ||topLeft.get_j()+width<0)
  {
  //       vpCERROR<<"Invalid parameters!"<<std::endl;
    return;
  }

  //if the device has been initialized
  if(pd3dDevice != NULL)
    {
      D3DLOCKED_RECT d3dLRect;

      RECT r;
      r.top= (LONG)((topLeft.get_i()>0)? topLeft.get_i() : 0 );
      r.left=(LONG)((topLeft.get_j()>0)? topLeft.get_j() : 0 );
      r.bottom=(LONG)((topLeft.get_i()+height < (int)nbRows) ? topLeft.get_i()+height : nbRows-1);
      r.right=(LONG)((topLeft.get_j()+width < (int)nbCols) ? topLeft.get_j()+width : nbCols-1);

      /* unsigned */ int rectW = r.right - r.left;
      /* unsigned */ int rectH = r.bottom - r.top;

      //locks the texture to directly access it
      if(pd3dText->LockRect(0, &d3dLRect, &r, 0)!= D3D_OK)
    {
      vpCERROR<<"D3D : Couldn't lock the texture!"<<std::endl;
      return;
    }

      //gets the buffer and pitch of the texture
      unsigned int pitch = static_cast<unsigned int>(d3dLRect.Pitch);
      unsigned char * buf = (unsigned char *) d3dLRect.pBits;

      /* unsigned */ int x= 0;
      /* unsigned */ int y= 0;

      if(fill == false)
      {
        //draws the top horizontal line
        if(topLeft.get_i()>=0)
          for(; x<rectW ; x++)
             setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, x, y, color);

        //draws the right vertical line
        if(topLeft.get_j()+width < nbCols)   
          for(; y<rectH ; y++)
             setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, x, y, color);

        //draws the bottom horizontal line
        if(topLeft.get_i()+height < nbRows)   
          for(; x>0 ; x--)
            setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, x, y, color);

        //draws the left vertical line
        if(topLeft.get_j()>=0)
          for(; y>0 ; y--)
            setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, x, y, color);
      }

      else
      {
          if(topLeft.get_i()>=0 && topLeft.get_j()+width < nbCols && topLeft.get_i()+height < nbRows && topLeft.get_j()>=0)
          {
              for (x = 0; x<rectW; x++)
              {
                  for (y = 0; y<rectH; y++)
                      setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, x, y, color);
              }
          }   
      }

      //unlocks the texture
      if( pd3dText->UnlockRect(0) != D3D_OK)
    vpCERROR<<"D3D : Couldn't unlock the texture!"<<std::endl;
    }
}

void vpD3DRenderer::clear(const vpColor &color)
{
  //if the device has been initialized
  if(pd3dDevice != NULL)
    {
      D3DLOCKED_RECT d3dLRect;

      RECT r;
      r.top    = 0;
      r.left   = 0;
      r.bottom = static_cast<LONG>( nbRows );
      r.right  = static_cast<LONG>( nbCols );

      //locks the texture to directly access it
      if(pd3dText->LockRect(0, &d3dLRect, &r, 0)!= D3D_OK)
        {
         vpCERROR<<"D3D : Couldn't lock the texture!"<<std::endl;
         return;
        }

      //gets the buffer and pitch of the texture
      unsigned int pitch = static_cast<unsigned int>(d3dLRect.Pitch);
      long * buf = (long *) ( d3dLRect.pBits );

      unsigned long c;
      if (color.id < vpColor::id_unknown)
        c = colors[color.id];
      else {
        c = D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0xFF, color.R, color.G, color.B);
      }
      long * end = (long*)((long)buf + (pitch * nbRows));

      //fills the whole image
      while (buf < end)
        *buf++ = static_cast<long>( c );

      //unlocks the texture
      if( pd3dText->UnlockRect(0) != D3D_OK)
        vpCERROR<<"D3D : Couldn't unlock the texture!"<<std::endl;
    }
}



//writes current circle pixels using symetry to reduce the algorithm's complexity
void vpD3DRenderer::subDrawCircle(int i, int j,
                  int x, int y,
                  vpColor col,
                  unsigned char* buf, unsigned int pitch,
                  unsigned int maxX, unsigned int maxY)
{
  if (x == 0) {
    setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, i  , j+y, col, maxX, maxY);
    setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, i  , j-y, col, maxX, maxY);
    setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, i+y, j, col, maxX, maxY);
    setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, i-y, j, col, maxX, maxY);
  } else
    if (x == y) {
      setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, i+x,j+y,col, maxX, maxY);
      setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, i-x,j+y,col, maxX, maxY);
      setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, i+x,j-y,col, maxX, maxY);
      setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, i-x,j-y,col, maxX, maxY);
    } else
      if (x < y) {
    setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, i+x,j+y,col, maxX, maxY);
    setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, i-x,j+y,col, maxX, maxY);
    setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, i+x,j-y,col, maxX, maxY);
    setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, i-x,j-y,col, maxX, maxY);
    setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, i+y,j+x,col, maxX, maxY);
    setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, i-y,j+x,col, maxX, maxY);
    setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, i+y,j-x,col, maxX, maxY);
    setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, i-y,j-x,col, maxX, maxY);
      }

}

void vpD3DRenderer::drawCircle(const vpImagePoint &center, unsigned int radius,
                   const vpColor &color, bool /*fill*/, unsigned int /*thickness*/)
{
  if(radius<1 || vpMath::round(center.get_i()+radius)<0 || vpMath::round(center.get_i()-radius) > (int)nbRows || vpMath::round(center.get_j()+radius)<0 || vpMath::round(center.get_j()-radius) > (int)nbCols)
    return;

  //if the device has been initialized
  if(pd3dDevice != NULL)
    {
      D3DLOCKED_RECT d3dLRect;

      RECT rec;
      int radius_ = static_cast<int>( radius );
      int rleft = (vpMath::round(center.get_j()-radius_) > 0) ? vpMath::round(center.get_j())-radius_ : 0;
      int rtop = (vpMath::round(center.get_i()-radius_) > 0) ? vpMath::round(center.get_i())-radius_ : 0;

      rec.top= rtop;
      rec.left= rleft;
      rec.bottom=(LONG)((vpMath::round(center.get_i()+radius_) < (int)nbRows) ? center.get_i()+radius_ : nbRows-1);
      rec.right=(LONG)((vpMath::round(center.get_j()+radius_) < (int)nbCols) ? center.get_j()+radius_ : nbCols-1);

      //used as maxX and maxY for setBufferPixel
      unsigned int rectW = static_cast<unsigned int> ( rec.right - rleft );
      unsigned int rectH = static_cast<unsigned int> ( rec.bottom - rtop );

      //locks the texture to directly access it
      if(pd3dText->LockRect(0, &d3dLRect, &rec, 0)!= D3D_OK)
        {
          vpCERROR<<"D3D : Couldn't lock the texture!"<<std::endl;
          return;
        }

      //gets the buffer and pitch of the texture
      unsigned int pitch = static_cast<unsigned int>(d3dLRect.Pitch);
      unsigned char * buf = (unsigned char *) d3dLRect.pBits;

      // Bresenham 's circle algorithm

      int x = 0;
      int y = static_cast<int>( radius );
      int p = (3 - (y<<1));

      vpImagePoint ip;
      ip.set_i(center.get_i()-rtop);
      ip.set_j(center.get_j()-rleft);

      subDrawCircle(vpMath::round(ip.get_i()), vpMath::round(ip.get_j()), x, y, color, buf, pitch, rectW, rectH);
      while(x < y){
        x++;
        if (p < 0)
            {
              p += ((x<<1)+1)<<1;
            }
          else
            {
            y--;
            p += (((x-y)<<1)+1)<<1;
          }
          subDrawCircle(vpMath::round(ip.get_i()), vpMath::round(ip.get_j()), x, y, color, buf, pitch, rectW, rectH);
      }



      //unlocks the texture
      if( pd3dText->UnlockRect(0) != D3D_OK)
    vpCERROR<<"D3D : Couldn't unlock the texture!"<<std::endl;
    }
}



void vpD3DRenderer::drawText(const vpImagePoint &ip, const char * text,
                 const vpColor &color)
{
  //Will contain the texture's surface drawing context
  HDC hDCMem;

  //The texture's surface
  IDirect3DSurface9 * pd3dSurf;
  pd3dText->GetSurfaceLevel(0, &pd3dSurf);

  //We get its DC
  pd3dSurf->GetDC(&hDCMem);

  //Select the font
  SelectObject(hDCMem, hFont);

  //set the text color
  if (color.id < vpColor::id_unknown)
    SetTextColor(hDCMem, colorsGDI[color.id]);
  else {
    COLORREF gdicolor = RGB(color.R, color.G, color.B);
    SetTextColor(hDCMem, gdicolor);
  }
    
  //we don't use the bkColor
  SetBkMode(hDCMem, TRANSPARENT);

  SIZE size;
  int length = (int) strlen(text);

  //get the displayed string dimensions
  GetTextExtentPoint32(hDCMem, text, length, &size);

  //displays the string
  TextOut(hDCMem, vpMath::round(ip.get_u()), vpMath::round(ip.get_v()), text, length);

  //Releases the DC
  pd3dSurf->ReleaseDC(hDCMem);
  //Releases the surface's interface
  pd3dSurf->Release();
  //Deletes additional objects
  DeleteObject(hFont);
}


void vpD3DRenderer::drawCross(const vpImagePoint &ip,
                  unsigned int size,
                  const vpColor &color, unsigned int thickness)
{
  if(ip.get_i()<0 || ip.get_j()<0 || ip.get_i()>(int)nbRows || ip.get_j()>(int)nbCols || thickness<=0)
    return;

  //if the device has been initialized
  if(pd3dDevice != NULL)
    {
      D3DLOCKED_RECT d3dLRect;

      RECT rec;
      thickness = (thickness<size)? thickness : size;
      int half_size_ = static_cast<int>( size/2 );
      //if j-size/2 is inferior to 0, use 0
      int rleft = ( (vpMath::round(ip.get_j()) - half_size_) < 0 ) ? 0 : vpMath::round(ip.get_j()) - half_size_;
      //if j-size/2 is inferior to 0, use 0
      int rtop  = ( (vpMath::round(ip.get_i()) - half_size_) < 0 ) ? 0 : vpMath::round(ip.get_i()) - half_size_;

      rec.top   = rtop;
      rec.left  = rleft;
      rec.bottom= (LONG)(ip.get_i() + (size/2));
      rec.right = (LONG)(ip.get_j() + (size/2));

      //locks the texture to directly access it
      if( pd3dText->LockRect(0, &d3dLRect, &rec, 0) != D3D_OK)
      {
        vpCERROR<<"D3D : Couldn't lock the texture!"<<std::endl;
        return;
      }

      //gets the buffer and pitch of the texture
      unsigned int pitch = static_cast<unsigned int>(d3dLRect.Pitch);
      unsigned char * buf = (unsigned char *) d3dLRect.pBits;

      /* unsigned */ int x;         //xpos

      //y-coordinate of the line in the locked rectangle base

      /* unsigned */ int y =( vpMath::round(ip.get_i()) < half_size_ ) ? vpMath::round(ip.get_i()) : half_size_;

      /* unsigned */ int cpt = 0;   //number of lines
      unsigned int re = thickness;    //remaining "width"

      //horizontal lines
      //stops when there is enough line for e
      while(re!=0)
      {
          //draws a line
          for(x=0; x<(rec.right - rec.left); x++)
            setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, x, y, color);

          re--;
          cpt++;

          //write alternatively a line at the top and a line at the bottom
          //eg : y=4 -> y=5 -> y=3 -> y=6
          y += ( (re&1) != 0u) ? cpt : -cpt;
      }

      cpt = 0;
      re = thickness;

      //x-coordinate of the line in the locked rectangle base
      x = ( vpMath::round(ip.get_j()) < half_size_ ) ?  vpMath::round(ip.get_j()) : half_size_;

      //vertical lines
      while(re!=0)
      {
          //draws a vertical line
          for(y=0; y<rec.bottom - rec.top; y++)
            setBufferPixel(buf, pitch, x, y, color);

          re--;
          cpt++;

          //write alternatively a line on the left and a line on the right
          x += ( (re&1) != 0) ? cpt : -cpt;
      }

      //unlocks the texture
      if( pd3dText->UnlockRect(0) != D3D_OK)
        vpCERROR<<"D3D : Couldn't unlock the texture!"<<std::endl;
    }
}


void vpD3DRenderer::drawArrow(const vpImagePoint &ip1, 
                      const vpImagePoint &ip2,
                  const vpColor &color,
                  unsigned int w,unsigned int h, unsigned int thickness)
{
  double a = ip2.get_i() - ip1.get_i();
  double b = ip2.get_j() - ip1.get_j();
  double lg = sqrt(vpMath::sqr(a)+vpMath::sqr(b)) ;
  int _h = static_cast<int>( h );

  //Will contain the texture's surface drawing context
  HDC hDCMem;

  //The texture's surface
  IDirect3DSurface9 * pd3dSurf;
  pd3dText->GetSurfaceLevel(0, &pd3dSurf);

  //We get its DC
  pd3dSurf->GetDC(&hDCMem);

  //create the pen
  HPEN hPen;
  if (color.id < vpColor::id_unknown)
    hPen = CreatePen(PS_SOLID, static_cast<int>(thickness), colorsGDI[color.id]);
  else {
    COLORREF gdicolor = RGB(color.R, color.G, color.B);
    hPen = CreatePen(PS_SOLID, static_cast<int>(thickness), gdicolor);
  }

  //select the pen
  SelectObject(hDCMem, hPen);

  //based on code from other displays
  if ((a==0)&&(b==0))
    {
      // DisplayCrossLarge(i1,j1,3,col) ;
    }
  else
    {
      a /= lg ;
      b /= lg ;

      vpImagePoint ip3;
      ip3.set_i( ip2.get_i() - w*a );
      ip3.set_j( ip2.get_j() - w*b );


      vpImagePoint ip4 ;

      ip4.set_i( ip3.get_i() + b*_h );
      ip4.set_j( ip3.get_j() - a*_h );

      if (lg > 2*vpImagePoint::distance(ip2, ip4) ) {
        MoveToEx(hDCMem, vpMath::round(ip2.get_j()), vpMath::round(ip2.get_i()), NULL);
        LineTo(hDCMem, vpMath::round(ip4.get_j()), vpMath::round(ip4.get_i()));
      }

      ip4.set_i( ip3.get_i() - b*h );
      ip4.set_j( ip3.get_j() + a*h );

      if (lg > 2*vpImagePoint::distance(ip2, ip4) ) {
        MoveToEx(hDCMem, vpMath::round(ip2.get_j()), vpMath::round(ip2.get_i()), NULL);
        LineTo(hDCMem, vpMath::round(ip4.get_j()), vpMath::round(ip4.get_i()));
      }

      MoveToEx(hDCMem, vpMath::round(ip1.get_j()), vpMath::round(ip1.get_i()), NULL);
      LineTo(hDCMem, vpMath::round(ip2.get_j()), vpMath::round(ip2.get_i()));

    }
  //Deletes the pen
  DeleteObject(hPen);
  //Releases the DC
  pd3dSurf->ReleaseDC(hDCMem);
  //Releases the surface's interface
  pd3dSurf->Release();


}

void TextureToRGBa(vpImage<vpRGBa>& I, unsigned char * imBuffer,
           unsigned int pitch)
{
  unsigned int j = I.getWidth();

  unsigned int k=0;
  for(unsigned int i=0; i<I.getHeight()* I.getWidth(); i++)
    {
      //go to the next line
      if(j==0){
    k += pitch - (I.getWidth() * 4);
    j = I.getWidth();
      }

      //simple conversion from bgra to rgba
      I.bitmap[i].B = imBuffer[k+0];
      I.bitmap[i].G = imBuffer[k+1];
      I.bitmap[i].R = imBuffer[k+2];
      I.bitmap[i].A = imBuffer[k+3];

      k+=4;
      j--;
    }
}

void vpD3DRenderer::getImage(vpImage<vpRGBa> &I)
{
  //if the device has been initialized
  if(pd3dDevice != NULL)
    {

      //resize the destination image as needed
      I.resize(nbRows, nbCols);

      D3DLOCKED_RECT d3dLRect;

      RECT r;
      r.top    = 0;
      r.left   = 0;
      r.bottom = static_cast<LONG>( nbRows );
      r.right  = static_cast<LONG>( nbCols );

      //locks the whole texture to directly access it
      if(pd3dText->LockRect(0, &d3dLRect, &r, 0)!= D3D_OK)
    {
      vpCERROR<<"D3D : Couldn't lock the texture!"<<std::endl;
      return;
    }

      //gets the buffer and pitch of the texture
      unsigned int pitch = static_cast<unsigned int>(d3dLRect.Pitch);
      unsigned char * buf = (unsigned char *) d3dLRect.pBits;

      //fills this image with the texture's data
      TextureToRGBa(I,buf, pitch);

      //unlocks the texture
      if( pd3dText->UnlockRect(0) != D3D_OK)
    vpCERROR<<"D3D : Couldn't unlock the texture!"<<std::endl;
    }
}

#elif !defined(VISP_BUILD_SHARED_LIBS)
// Work arround to avoid warning: libvisp_core.a(vpD3DRenderer.cpp.o) has no symbols
void dummy_vpD3DRenderer() {};
#endif
#endif